Hello SubZap: An Introduction to Subtitles

Posted on December 01, 2024 by SubZap2 min read
TheoryProfessionalProduction

Welcome to our first article about subtitles!

Ever wondered what happens between typing text and seeing it appear perfectly synchronized on screen? While subtitles might look simple - just text on video, right? - there's quite a bit more going on behind the scenes.

Core Concepts#

What makes a subtitle system tick? Every subtitle needs three essential elements:

  • Content (text or images)

  • Timing information

  • Format-specific metadata

Subtitles come in two main varieties:

  • Text-based subtitles store actual text, along with timing and formatting

  • Bitmap subtitles deliver pre-rendered images instead

Which type fits your project? It depends on your needs - and we'll explore that soon.

Modern Formats#

The subtitle world has grown from simple text files to handling complex animations and positioning. Here are the formats you'll encounter most often:

Text-based formats:

  • SRT: Simple, universal, gets the job done

  • SSA/ASS: When you need styling and precise control

  • WebVTT: Built for the modern web

Bitmap formats:

  • DVD subtitles and PGS (Blu-ray)

  • Broadcast formats (CEA-608/708)

What's Next?#

In the following articles, we'll explore each format in detail, starting with SRT files - the backbone of modern subtitling. We'll tackle encoding challenges, discover advanced styling options, and build professional workflows for subtitle creation and delivery.

Have your subtitle files ready - things are about to get interesting.